Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction
The abbreviated name, ‘mfold web server’, describes a number of closely related software applications available on the World Wide Web (WWW) for the prediction of the secondary structure of single stranded nucleic acids. The objective of this web server is to provide easy access to RNA and DNA folding and hybridization software to the scientific community at large. By making use of universally available web GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces), the server circumvents the problem of portability of this software.
Detailed output, in the form of structure plots with or without reliability information, single strand frequency plots and ‘energy dot plots’, are available for the folding of single sequences. A variety of ‘bulk’ servers give less information, but in a shorter time and for up to hundreds of sequences at once. The portal for the mfold web server is http://www.bioinfo.rpi.edu/applications/mfold. This URL will be referred to as ‘MFOLDROOT’.
Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase
A thermostable DNA polymerase was used in an in vitro DNA amplification procedure, the polymerase chain reaction. The enzyme, isolated from Thermus aquaticus, greatly simplifies the procedure and, by enabling the amplification reaction to be performed at higher temperatures, significantly improves the specificity, yield, sensitivity, and length of products that can be amplified. Single-copy genomic sequences were amplified by a factor of more than 10 million with very high specificity, and DNA segments up to 2000 base pairs were readily amplified. In addition, the method was used to amplify and detect a target DNA molecule present only once in a sample of 10(5) cells.
Molecular portraits of human breast tumours
Human breast tumours are diverse in their natural history and in their responsiveness to treatments. Variation in transcriptional programs accounts for much of the biological diversity of human cells and tumours. In each cell, signal transduction and regulatory systems transduce information from the cell’s identity to its environmental status, thereby controlling the level of expression of every gene in the genome. Here we have characterized variation in gene expression patterns in a set of 65 surgical specimens of human breast tumours from 42 different individuals, using complementary DNA microarrays representing 8,102 human genes. These patterns provided a distinctive molecular portrait of each tumour.
Twenty of the tumours were sampled twice, before and after a 16-week course of doxorubicin chemotherapy, and two tumours were paired with a lymph node metastasis from the same patient. Gene expression patterns in two tumour samples from the same individual were almost always more similar to each other than either was to any other sample. Sets of co-expressed genes were identified for which variation in messenger RNA levels could be related to specific features of physiological variation. The tumours could be classified into subtypes distinguished by pervasive differences in their gene expression patterns.
Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids
Factors that affect the probability of genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by plasmids have been evaluated. A set of conditions is described under which about one in every 400 plasmid molecules produces a transformed cell. These conditions include cell growth in medium containing elevated levels of Mg2+, and incubation of the cells at 0 degrees C in a solution of Mn2+, Ca2+, Rb+ or K+, dimethyl sulfoxide, dithiothreitol, and hexamine cobalt (III). Transformation efficiency declines linearly with increasing plasmid size. Relaxed and supercoiled plasmids transform with similar probabilities.
Non-transforming DNAs compete consistent with mass. No significant variation is observed between competing DNAs of different source, complexity, length or form. Competition with both transforming and non-transforming plasmids indicates that each cell is capable of taking up many DNA molecules, and that the establishment of a transformation event is neither helped nor hindered significantly by the presence of multiple plasmids.
PAML 4: phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood
PAML, currently in version 4, is a package of programs for phylogenetic analyses of DNA and protein sequences using maximum likelihood (ML). The programs may be used to compare and test phylogenetic trees, but their main strengths lie in the rich repertoire of evolutionary models implemented, which can be used to estimate parameters in models of sequence evolution and to test interesting biological hypotheses.
Uses of the programs include estimation of synonymous and nonsynonymous rates (d(N) and d(S)) between two protein-coding DNA sequences, inference of positive Darwinian selection through phylogenetic comparison of protein-coding genes, reconstruction of ancestral genes and proteins for molecular restoration studies of extinct life forms, combined analysis of heterogeneous data sets from multiple gene loci, and estimation of species divergence times incorporating uncertainties in fossil calibrations.
This note discusses some of the major applications of the package, which includes example data sets to demonstrate their use. The package is written in ANSI C, and runs under Windows, Mac OSX, and UNIX systems. It is available at — (http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/paml.html).
Control Magnetic Beads |
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| M1302-1 | Biovision | Ask for price | |
Streptavidin Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0208 | MedChemExpress | 5 mL | EUR 645.6 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-60 | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 289.93 |
Protein A Magnetic Beads |
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| 6507-1 | Biovision | EUR 314.4 | |
Protein G Magnetic Beads |
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| 6517-1 | Biovision | EUR 314.4 | |
Protein L Magnetic Beads |
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| 6537-1 | Biovision | EUR 352.8 | |
Anti-Flag magnetic beads |
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| B26101 | Bimake | 1 mL | EUR 579.6 |
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Description: Anti-Flag magnetic beads is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody. It is recommended to use for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-Flag magnetic beads |
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| B26102 | Bimake | 5 mL | EUR 1742.4 |
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Description: Anti-Flag magnetic beads is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody. It is recommended to use for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-HA magnetic beads |
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| B26201 | Bimake | 1 mL | EUR 579.6 |
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Description: Anti-HA magnetic beads kit is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with high quality mouse IgG2b monoclonal antibody, used for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-HA magnetic beads |
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| B26202 | Bimake | 5 mL | EUR 1742.4 |
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Description: Anti-HA magnetic beads kit is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with high quality mouse IgG2b monoclonal antibody, used for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-Myc magnetic beads |
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| B26301 | Bimake | 1 mL | EUR 579.6 |
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Description: Anti-Myc magnetic beads kit is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody.it is recommended to use for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-Myc magnetic beads |
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| B26302 | Bimake | 5 mL | EUR 1742.4 |
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Description: Anti-Myc magnetic beads kit is based on hydroxyl magnetic beads covalently coupling with mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody.it is recommended to use for co-immunoprecipitation and protein purification. |
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Anti-HA Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0201 | MedChemExpress | 1 mL | EUR 334.8 |
Protein A Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0203 | MedChemExpress | 1 mL | EUR 148.8 |
Protein G Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0204 | MedChemExpress | 5 mL | EUR 445.2 |
Anti-Flag Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0207 | MedChemExpress | 1 mL | EUR 570 |
Protein A/G Magnetic Beads |
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| 6527-1 | Biovision | EUR 352.8 | |
Protein A/G Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0202 | MedChemExpress | 1 mL | EUR 157.2 |
Anti-c-Myc Magnetic Beads |
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| HY-K0206 | MedChemExpress | 5 mL | EUR 1368 |
Size Selection DNA Beads |
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| 20-abx298001 | Abbexa |
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VAHTSÂ DNA Clean Beads |
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| N411-01 | Vazyme | 5Â ml | EUR 259.2 |
VAHTSÂ DNA Clean Beads |
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| N411-02 | Vazyme | 60Â ml | EUR 634.8 |
VAHTSÂ DNA Clean Beads |
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| N411-03 | Vazyme | 450Â ml | EUR 3055.2 |
ZeptoBind (60 mL) |
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| 0801184 | Zeptometrix | 60 mL | EUR 113.66 |
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Description: Please contact Gentaur in order to receive the datasheet of the product. |
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Protein A/G/L Magnetic Beads |
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| 6547-1 | Biovision | EUR 405.6 | |
Bridge-It cAMP-PDE 60 |
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| PD1016-60 | Mediomics | 1 Kit | EUR 319.2 |
Amino Magnetic Particles |
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| AM-60-10 | Spherotech | 10 mL | EUR 376.8 |
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Description: Amino Magnetic Particles are prepared by coating a layer of magnetite and polystyrene onto monodispersed (i.e.. uniform sized) polystyrene core particles. The magnetic particles can be easily separated from a suspension magnetically. These particles become non magnetic when removed from a magnet, and do not retain any detectable magnetism even after repeated exposure to strong magnetic field.Are of research that those particles had been tested are cell separation, affinity purification, DNA probe assays, magnetic particle EIA. For more infomation please don't hesiate to contact our technical team. |
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Amino Magnetic Particles |
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| AM-60-100 | Spherotech | 100 mL | EUR 2593.2 |
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Description: Amino Magnetic Particles are prepared by coating a layer of magnetite and polystyrene onto monodispersed (i.e.. uniform sized) polystyrene core particles. The magnetic particles can be easily separated from a suspension magnetically. These particles become non magnetic when removed from a magnet, and do not retain any detectable magnetism even after repeated exposure to strong magnetic field.Are of research that those particles had been tested are cell separation, affinity purification, DNA probe assays, magnetic particle EIA. For more infomation please don't hesiate to contact our technical team. |
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Carboxyl Magnetic Particles |
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| CM-60-10 | Spherotech | 10 mL | EUR 372 |
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Description: Carboxyl Magnetic Particles are prepared by coating a layer of magnetite and polystyrene onto monodispersed (i.e.. uniform sized) polystyrene core particles. The magnetic particles can be easily separated from a suspension magnetically. These particles become non magnetic when removed from a magnet, and do not retain any detectable magnetism even after repeated exposure to strong magnetic field.Are of research that those particles had been tested are cell separation, affinity purification, DNA probe assays, magnetic particle EIA. For more infomation please don't hesiate to contact our technical team. |
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Carboxyl Magnetic Particles |
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| CM-60-100 | Spherotech | 100 mL | EUR 2545.2 |
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Description: Carboxyl Magnetic Particles are prepared by coating a layer of magnetite and polystyrene onto monodispersed (i.e.. uniform sized) polystyrene core particles. The magnetic particles can be easily separated from a suspension magnetically. These particles become non magnetic when removed from a magnet, and do not retain any detectable magnetism even after repeated exposure to strong magnetic field.Are of research that those particles had been tested are cell separation, affinity purification, DNA probe assays, magnetic particle EIA. For more infomation please don't hesiate to contact our technical team. |
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Biotin Magnetic Particles |
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| TM-60-5 | Spherotech | 5 mL | EUR 426 |
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Description: Please reffer to the technical data sheet for more detail information for this item. Our dedicated team would be happy to assist you via live chat, email or phone. |
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Streptavidin Magnetic Particles |
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| SVM-60-5 | Spherotech | 5 mL | EUR 426 |
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Description: Please reffer to the technical data sheet for more detail information for this item. Our dedicated team would be happy to assist you via live chat, email or phone. |
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Avidin Magnetic Particles |
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| VM-60-10 | Spherotech | 10 mL | EUR 388.8 |
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Description: Please reffer to the technical data sheet for more detail information for this item. Our dedicated team would be happy to assist you via live chat, email or phone. |
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Protein A/G Magnetic Beads for IP |
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| B23201 | Bimake | 1 ml | EUR 158.4 |
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Description: Protein A/G Magnetic Beads for immunoprecipitation (IP) are based on a biological nanosurface technology (S-TEC). Protein A/G coats the surface of super paramagnetic microspheres with high coating density up to 9.3 × 10^13 molecules/cm2. Compared to similar immune magnetic beads, our Protein A/G beads display much more antibody binding sites therefore using less magnetic beads per reaction and ultimately achiving greater cost-efficiency. Non-specific binding is reduced to an absolute low eliminating any detectable interference with your IP assays. The large, specific surface area of the beads greatly shortens the adsorption time and achieves complete antibody/antigen adsorption process in 10 minutes and complete total purification and precipitation in just 30 minutes. This product can be used on a wide variety of samples, such as in cell lysates, supernatants collected from cell secretion, serum, ascites, and other immune antigens. |
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Protein A/G Magnetic Beads for IP |
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| B23202 | Bimake | 5 ml | EUR 558 |
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Description: Protein A/G Magnetic Beads for immunoprecipitation (IP) are based on a biological nanosurface technology (S-TEC). Protein A/G coats the surface of super paramagnetic microspheres with high coating density up to 9.3 × 10^13 molecules/cm2. Compared to similar immune magnetic beads, our Protein A/G beads display much more antibody binding sites therefore using less magnetic beads per reaction and ultimately achiving greater cost-efficiency. Non-specific binding is reduced to an absolute low eliminating any detectable interference with your IP assays. The large, specific surface area of the beads greatly shortens the adsorption time and achieves complete antibody/antigen adsorption process in 10 minutes and complete total purification and precipitation in just 30 minutes. This product can be used on a wide variety of samples, such as in cell lysates, supernatants collected from cell secretion, serum, ascites, and other immune antigens. |
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DiagNano Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanoparticles, 60 nm |
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| GFL-60 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 mL | EUR 1263.6 |
Protein A Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0001-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 486 |
Protein A Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0001-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 973.2 |
Protein A Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0001-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 291.6 |
Protein G Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0002-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 729.6 |
Protein G Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0002-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 1472.4 |
Protein G Beads (1-2mg/ml) |
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| B0002-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 426 |
100 BP DNA LADDER, 500UL PER KIT |
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| M-DNA-100BP | CORNING | 1/pk | EUR 87.6 |
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Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; DNA Ladder |
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1 KB DNA LADDER, 500UL PER KIT |
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| M-DNA-1KB | CORNING | 1/pk | EUR 84 |
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Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; DNA Ladder |
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DiagNano Gold Nanoparticle Passive Conjugation Kit, 60 nm |
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| GPK-60 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 kit | EUR 858 |
Turbidity Std Ratio 60 NTU |
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| CRSR-60-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 84.36 |
Turbidity Std Ratio 60 NTU |
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| CRSR-60-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 248.52 |
Magnetic Beads-conjugated Mouse anti DDDDK-Tag mAb |
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| AE037 | Abclonal | 50 ul | EUR 211.2 |
Beads-for-Seeds (24 glass beads, each in a 1.5 ml tube) |
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| M-CO-501 | MiTeGen | 24 glass beads | EUR 71 |
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Description: Beads-for-Seeds (24 glass beads, each in a 1.5 ml tube) |
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ApoBrdU Red DNA Fragmentation Kit |
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| K2073-60 | ApexBio | 60 assays | EUR 919.2 |
ApoBrdU DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit |
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| K2070-60 | ApexBio | 60 assays | EUR 919.2 |
ApoBrdU DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit |
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| K401-60 | Biovision | EUR 927.6 | |
ApoBrdU Red DNA Fragmentation Kit |
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| K404-60 | Biovision | EUR 940.8 | |
Turbidity Std Non Ratio 60 NTU |
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| CRS-60-100 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 100ML | EUR 118.56 |
Turbidity Std Non Ratio 60 NTU |
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| CRS-60-500 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | 500ML | EUR 235.98 |
CORNING®60 X 15 MM PETRI DISH WITH COVER |
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| 70165-60 | CORNING | 12/pk | EUR 142.8 |
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Description: Vista Petri Dishes; PYREX VISTA Petri Dishes |
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FAB & Beads(Ballotini Beads) |
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| MED1042 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK50 | EUR 91.2 |
Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0003-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 681.6 |
Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0003-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 1228.8 |
Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0003-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 426 |
Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0004-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 644.4 |
Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0004-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 1228.8 |
Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0004-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 400.8 |
Rabbit Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0005-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 949.2 |
Rabbit Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0005-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 2008.8 |
Rabbit Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0005-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 547.2 |
Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0006-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 949.2 |
Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0006-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 2008.8 |
Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0006-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 547.2 |
Mouse Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0007-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 644.4 |
Mouse Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0007-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 1228.8 |
Mouse Anti-Rabbit IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0007-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 400.8 |
Mouse Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0008-10 | BosterBio | 10ml | EUR 949.2 |
Mouse Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0008-25 | BosterBio | 25ml | EUR 2008.8 |
Mouse Anti-Human IgG Beads (1-1.5mg/ml) |
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| B0008-5 | BosterBio | 5ml | EUR 547.2 |
Circulating DNA Kit (with Magnetic Stand) |
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| abx098869-50rxns | Abbexa | 50 rxns | EUR 510 |
Circulating DNA Kit (with Magnetic Stand) |
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| abx298026-50rxns | Abbexa | 50 rxns | EUR 510 |
RNA/DNA Purification Kit (Magnetic Bead) |
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| DA0623 | Daan Gene | 32 test/kit | Ask for price |
DiagNano Gold Nanoparticle Medium Covalent Conjugation Kit, 60 nm |
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| GCK-M-60 | Creative Diagnostics | 1 kit | EUR 908.4 |
60 ml leak-resistant HDPE bottle, colorless |
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| GR238006 | Genorise Scientific | Pack of 24 | EUR 169.2 |
Borosilicate glass funnel 60 angle 140 mL |
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| DD68961 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK10 | EUR 133.38 |
Blood Genomic DNA Kit (with Magnetic Stand) |
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| abx098867-50rxns | Abbexa | 50 rxns | EUR 360 |
Viral DNA / RNA Kit (with Magnetic Stand) |
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| abx098871-50rxns | Abbexa | 50 rxns | EUR 477.6 |
Viral DNA/RNA Kit (with Magnetic Stand) |
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| abx298029-50rxns | Abbexa | 50 rxns | EUR 477.6 |
Latex Beads |
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| abx291003-1L | Abbexa | 1 L | EUR 2798.4 |
RNA Beads |
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| 20-abx298002 | Abbexa |
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Bulk Beads |
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| D1131-01 | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 285.76 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1131-05 | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 285.76 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1131-10 | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-01TP | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-05TP | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-10TP | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-15TP | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1132-30TP | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 492.47 |
Bulk Beads |
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| D1133-28 | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | EUR 112.45 |
Exorose Beads |
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| EXOB-100 | ABTBeads | 100 ml | EUR 127.2 |
Exorose Beads |
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| EXOB-25 | ABTBeads | 25 ml | EUR 69.6 |
Exorose Beads |
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| EXOB-250 | ABTBeads | 250 ml | EUR 225.6 |
Saline & Beads |
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| MED1064 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK50 | EUR 91.2 |
Aseptic 60 mL polypropylene straight container white cap |
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| DD688262 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK700 | EUR 110.58 |
60 mL straight container with label blue cap |
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| DD688263 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK700 | EUR 153.9 |
T4 DNA Polymerase (5,000 U/ml) |
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| RK20539 | Abclonal | 25 U | Ask for price |
Streptavidin-Sepharose Beads |
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| 6565-10 | Biovision | EUR 836.4 | |
Streptavidin-Sepharose Beads |
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| 6565-100 | Biovision | Ask for price | |
Streptavidin-Sepharose Beads |
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| 6565-2 | Biovision | EUR 274.8 | |
Streptavidin-Sepharose Beads |
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| 6565-5 | Biovision | EUR 483.6 | |
EZEnrich? Polyubiquitin Beads |
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| 6568-300 | Biovision | EUR 444 | |
Thrombin Sepharose Beads |
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| 7925-1 | Biovision | EUR 261.6 | |
Thrombin Sepharose Beads |
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| 7925-25 | Biovision | EUR 2114.4 | |
Thrombin Sepharose Beads |
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| 7925-5 | Biovision | EUR 836.4 | |
Plasmin Sepharose Beads |
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| 7926-1 | Biovision | EUR 261.6 | |